Types of Bricks and Classification of Bricks based on different Factors

Definition

Brick is the smallest building unit made up of Silica, Clay, Lime, Iron Oxide and Magnesia. There are many types of bricks in construction industry which are defined on the basis of different criteria. Typical bricks are 9" long, 4.5" wide and 3" thick. Bricks are widely used in masonry construction due to its aesthetic value, high compressive strength, fire protection and provides the required wear resistance.

Types of Bricks

Classification of Bricks

Bricks in masonry construction can be classified on the basis of the following criteria:

• Quality of Bricks
• Uses and Applications of Bricks
• Composition of Bricks
• Manufacturing process of Bricks

Classification of Bricks Based on Quality

• First Class Bricks
• Second Class Bricks
• Third Class Bricks

Types of Bricks Based on Uses

• Facing Bricks
• High Temperature Resisting Bricks (Forsterite Bricks)
• Acid-Resisting Bricks (Silicon Carbide Bricks)
• Light Weight Clay Bricks
• Engineering Bricks

Types of Bricks Based on its Composition

There are various types of bricks used in masonry:

• Common Burnt Clay Bricks
• Fire Clay Bricks
• Fly ash Clay Bricks
• Sand Lime Bricks (Calcium Silicate Bricks)
• Concrete Bricks

Based on Manufacturing Process

• Sun Dried Bricks
• Fired Bricks

Tests for Bricks

• Compression Test
• Soundness Test
• Water Absorption Test
• Efflorescence Test
• Dimensional Tolerance

Composition of a Brick

Normally, brick contains the following ingredients by weight: