Civil Engineering Hydrology

What we study in hydrology?

Hydrological Cycle

Water Balance Components

Hydrological Soil Groups

It was along the Indus in Pakistan, the Tigris and Euphrates in Mesopotamia, the Hwang Ho in China, and the Nile in Egypt that the first hydraulic

History of Hydrology

Stages in the History of Hydrology

Development of Hydrology

Definition of Evaporation

Process of Evaporation

Factors affecting evaporation

Measurement of Evaporation

Definition of Precipitation

Factors affecting Precipitation

Measurement of Precipitation

Mechanism of Precipitation

Forms of precipitation

• Factors affecting rainfall
• Branches of Hydrology
• Estimation of Precipitation
• Forms of Ppt
• Evaporation Measurement
• Hydrological Cycle
• Surface Irrigation
• Precipitation rate
• Double Mass Curve
• hydrology Lecture notes

1. Applications in Design & Operation of Hydraulic Structures
2. Planning & Building of Hydraulic Structures
3. Prediction of floods
4. Design of Water Supply Schemes
5. Prediction of Precipitation
6. Design of Drainage Systems

Run-off analysis taking into account physical processes have been able to be carried out due to sophisticated computers. River basin is formed by a flow in a river channel, an infiltration flow and a groundwater flow that have different hydraulic characters.

The Bureau of Reclamation has used a method called, “Snow Compaction Method for the Analyses of Runoff from Rain on Snow.” This method requires air temperatures, wind speeds, forest cover percentages, snow depths, and now densities at various elevation bands. When the snow melt runoff is expected to contribute to the PMF... [Read More]

Water is an essential requirements for all forms of the life and is considered as integral part of the living organisms life. GOD has gifted our universe with bulk amount of this valuable substance in different forms such as... [Read More]

1. Rivers
2. Lakes
3. Natural springs
4. Rain
5. Snow
6. Glaciers
7. Aquifers etc

• Some precipitation stations may have short breaks in the records because of absence of the observer or because of instrumental failures. It is often necessary to estimate this missing record.
• In the procedure used by the U.S. Weather Bureau, the missing precipitation of a station is estimated from the observations of precipitation at some other stations as close to and as evenly spaced around the station with the missing record as possible... [Read More]

• Some water is used to wet the surface of instrument.
• The rain recorded may be less than the actual rainfall due to the direction of the rainfall as affected by wind.
• Dents in the collector and tube may also cause error.
• Some water is absorbed by the measuring stick.
• Losses due to evaporation can also take place... [Read More]